Litlaleho tsa lefats'e tsa Marathon

Sebaka se ikhethileng sa marathone se na le bolelele ba 42 km 195 m hantle, ena ke tlhoro e kholo e makatsang, moo baatlelete ba bangata ba marathone ba tsoang lefats'eng lohle ba seng ba nyolohile.

Ho ba semathi sa mabelo ho hloka lilemo tse ngata le koetliso e nang le kelello, mabelo joalo ka taeo e akaretsang e thehiloe morao ho 1896, ke nakong eo feela banna ba ileng ba nka karolo moo.

Tlhaloso ea marathon ea 42 km

Lebelo la 42 km 195 m le tsebahala ho baahi bohle ba lefats'e, taeo e ikhethileng ea liatleletiki e qalile morao ka 1896 bakeng sa banna mme ka 1984 bakeng sa basali, ke hore, lilemo tse lekholo hamorao. Lebelo la mabelo ka kakaretso le nka nako e telele, e telele, e kenyeletsang ho matha ka mokhoa o feteletseng kapa libakeng tse mpe.

Tšimoloho ea marathone e khutlela Greece ea khale, ha mohlabani oa Mogerike a ne a khona ho tlisa litaba tsa tlholo ea Bagerike ho ba habo, a ntoo matha ka 34.5 km ho ea Athene. Mohlabani enoa o ile a baleha sebakeng sa Marathon, moo ntoa e neng e etsahetse teng.

Lipapali tsa Olimpiki tse tummeng ka ho fetisisa le tsa pele li etsahetse ka 1896 Athene, moo mohloli oa pele e neng e le Mogerike ea bonts'itseng litholoana tse ntle tsa ho matha, leha a ne a sebelisa doping ka mokhoa oa veine, e neng e tima lenyora la hae.

Boitokiso ba marathon ke eng

Ho matha marathone e thata joalo ebile e kholo ho hloka boitokiso bo botle le bo bolelele ho latela moralo, hape etsa bonnete ba hore o etsa merabe e tloahelehileng ea 1 km, 3 km, 5 km, hammoho le 10 km, joalo-joalo ho latela kemiso. Ho tla khonahala ho matha serapeng sa boikhathollo le lebaleng la lipapali, ha ho hlokahale koetliso e rarahaneng, mesebetsi ena e lokela ho ba monate le thabo.

U ka sebelisa software e fapaneng ea mahlale, e ka ba metronome ea mofuta oa 'mino e kentsoeng ho smartphone. Ho bohlokoa hape ho ba le hydrometer le leihlo la lebelo la pelo le tla u joetsa nako ea ho emisa le ho noa metsi, hape le ho phomola hanyane tseleng, haeba u matha 50-60 km matsatsi a 7, ha hoa lokela ho ba le mathata marathong a 42 km.

Nalane ea litlaleho tsa lefats'e

Basali, Liolimpiki

1. XXIII Olympiad - 1984 Los Angeles, Joan Benoit sebaka sa pele 2:24:52 USA
2. XXIV Olympiad - 1988, Seoul, Rosa Maria koloi Correia DOS Santos, 2:25:40, Portugal
3. XXV Olympiad - 1992 Barcelona, ​​Valentina Egorova, CIS, 2:32:41
4. XXVI Olympiad - 1996, Atlanta, Fatuma Roba, Ethiopia, 2:26:05
5. XXVII Olympiad - 2000, Sydney, Takahashi, Japane, 2:23:14
6. XXVIII Olympiad - 2004, Athene, Mizuki, Japane, 2:26:20
7. XXIX Olympiad - 2008, Beijing, Constantin Tomescu, Romania, 2:26:44
8. XXX Olympiad - 2012, London, Tiki Gelana, Ethiopia, 2:23:07
9. XXXI Olympiad - 2016, Rio de Janeiro, Kipchoge, Kenya, 2:08:44

Ho banna, Liolimpiki

1. Ke Olympiad ka la 6-15 Mmesa, 1896, Athene, Spiridon Louis, Greece, 2:58
2. II Olimpiki 1900, Paris, Michel Johann Theato, Luxembourg, 2:59:45
3. III Olympiad 1904, St. Louis, Thomas J. Hicks, USA, 3:28:53
4. IV Olympiad 1908, London, Joe Joseph Heys, USA, 2:55:19
5. V Olympiad 1912, Stockholm Mcarthur, 2:36:54
6. VII Olympiad (1920, Antwerp, Hannes Kolehvfinen, Finland, 2:32:35
7. VIII Olympiad (1924, Paris, Albin Oskar Stenrus, Finland, 2:41:23)
8. IX Olympiad (1928, Amsterdam, Mohamed Bougera Ouafi, Fora, 2:29:01
9. X Olympiad (1932, Los Angeles, Juan Carlos Zabala, Argentina, 2:31:36
10. XI Olympiad (1936, Berlin, Kitay mora, Japane, 2:29:19
11. XIII Olympiad (1948, London, Delfo Carbero, Argentina, 2:34:52
12. XV Olympiad (1952, Helsinki, Emil Zatopek, Czechoslovakia, 2:23:03
13. XVI Olympiad (1956, Melbourne), Alena Ohara Mimone, Fora, 2:26:00
14. XVII Olympiad (1960, Roma), Abeb Bikila, Ethiopia, 2:15:16
15. XVIII Olympiad (1964, Tokyo), Abebe Bikila, Ethiopia, 2:12:11
16. XIX Olympiad (1968, Mexico City), Mamo Wolde, Ethiopia, 2:20:26
17. XX Olympiad (1972, Munich), Frank Shorter, USA, 2:12:19
18. XXI Olympiad (1976, Montreal), Waldemar Kerpinski, Jeremane Bochabela, 2:09:55
19. XXII Olympiad (1980, Moscow), Waldemar Kempinski, GDR, 2:11:03
20. XXIII Olympiad (1984, Los Angeles), Carlos Alberpto Lopez Sousa, Potrugalia, 2:09:21
21. XXIV Olympiad (1984, Seoul), Gelindo Bordin, Italy, 2:10:32
22. XXV Olympiad (1992, Barcelona), Young-cho Hwang, Korea, 2:13:23
23. XXVI Olympiad (1996, Atlanta), Josiah Chugwane, Afrika, 2:12, 36
24. XXVII Olympiad - 2000, Sydney, G. Abera, Ethiopia, 2:10:11
25. XXVIII Olympiad - 2004, Athene, St. Baldini, 2:10
26. XXIX Olympiad - 2008, Beijing, Samuel Kamu Wansiru, Kenya, 2:06:32
27. XXX Olympiad - 2012, London, Steven Kiprogich, Uganda, 2:08:01
28. XXXI Olympiad - 2016, Rio de Janeiro, Eliud Kipchogi, Kenya, 2:08:44

Rekoto ea lefats'e marathong a basali

Kajeno, rekoto e felletseng ea lefats'e la lebelo la lik'hilomithara tse 42 ke ea semathi sa Borithane Radcliffe, ea ileng a nka sebaka sa lihora tse 2 metsotso e 15. Rekoto e joalo e entsoe ke J. Radcliffe ka 2003 ka Mmesa, ke ka nako eo ketsahalo ena e ikhethang e etsahetseng, e ileng ea tsebahala kajeno, e ne e le rekoto ea lefats'e mme ba ne ba sa khone ho e hlola.

Radcliffe o ile a kenela tlholisano ea Borithane ea Borithane ka nako eo, moo a qetileng ka ts'ebetso e makatsang, a makatsa sechaba sa London ka morabe oa hae. Jane o fihletse tlhoro e joalo ha a le lilemo tse ka bang mashome a mararo, mme pele ho moo ka 2012 hang-hang o ile a etsa lirekoto tse peli, 1 London le 2-1 ho la Chicago. Kajeno, semathi sena se ipapisitse le libaka tse telele tse akaretsang, hape le tseleng e kholo e mathang le lipapaling tse fapaneng tse thata tsa naha.

Mabapi le moatlelete

Jane o hlahetse Cheshire, Davenham, ho tloha bongoaneng e ne e le ngoana ea fokolang ea tloaelehileng ea neng a tšoeroe ke asthma haholo, mme o ile a qala ho bapala lipapali a susumetsoa ke ntate oa hae, semathi se tummeng ka nako eo. Katleho ea hae ea pele e bile ka 1992, ha a fetoha 'mampoli, mme ka 1997 o ntse a hapile silevera ho tlholisano e kholo ea naha e kholo.

Joale ka 1998 le 2003 e ne e le 'mampoli naheng ea Europe ka bophara, ho feta moo, o ile a nka karolo Lipapaling tsa Liolimpiki ho tloha ka 1996, leha a ne a qala ho hloella libakeng tse fetang tse 4, mme ka 2002, 2003 le 2005 e bile oa pele ho li-marathone tse tummeng. Amerika le London.

O thehile rekoto ea hae e ikhethang ea lefats'e ka 2003 le London Great Marathon, eo a ileng a e qeta ho 2:15:25. Kajeno o lula Monaco, o nyetse Radcliffe ho tloha ka 2001, o na le morali, Isla, ea hlahileng ka 2007, mme ka 2010 ho hlahile mora e mong, Raphael, kajeno Radcliffe o se a tlohetse mosebetsi.

Litlholisano li bile joang

Ketsahalo e ikhethang bophelong ba Jane Radcliffe e etsahetse ka 2003 ka la 13 Mmesa, ha a ne a kenela tlholisano ea basali 'me a qeta ka pel'a bamameli ba chesehang ba Borithane, a etsa rekoto e ikhethang. Lebelo lena la London Grand Marathon le tšoaroa selemo le selemo Borithane 'me ke e' ngoe ea tse tšeletseng tse kholo lefatšeng.

Pina ea marathone e ne e le lebelo ka ho fetisisa, e mabothobotho ebile e bataletse, tsela e leba London ho tloha bochabela ho ea Blackheath, ebe e feta Woolwich le Charlton ka nqa bophirima ho Greenwich le ho tšela Noka ea Thames ho ea Buckingham Palace. Jane Radcliffe o entse rekoto e ikhethileng e so kang e otloa lilemong tsohle tsa tlholisano.

Rekoto ea lefatše marathong a banna

Rekoto e ikhethileng ea lefatše ea marathone har'a banna kajeno ke ea semathi Dennis Quimetto oa Kenya, ea ileng a nka sebaka sa km 42 ka lihora tse 2 feela le metsotso e 2, ena e ne e le ka 2014.

E ne e le Great Berlin Marathon e tummeng, moo Mokenya a ileng a roba rekoto ea khale e entsoeng ke Wilson Kipsang selemong se fetileng, ka 2014 ho ne ho se ho ntse ho e-na le barupeluoa ba fetang likete tse mashome a mane. E se e le bohareng ba sebaka sena, Quimetto o ile a ts'oara baetapele ba supileng, bao kamora hae a ileng a matha pele mme a ba fihlela, mme o ne a se a ntse a utloisisa hore na rekoto ea lefats'e e tla etsa eng qetellong ea sebaka ka bosona.

Mabapi le semathi

Dennis Quimetto o hlile a etsa ketsahalo e ikhethang ea nalane, kaha monna o ile a matha lebelo le leholo le boima ka lekhetlo la pele ka lihora tse peli le metsotso e 'meli.

Ka katleho ena, semathi sa marathone se tsoang Kenya se ngotse lebitso la sona nalaneng ea lipapali ka litlhaku tsa khauta, e neng e le katleho e makatsang lefats'eng. Mona Quimetto hanghang o ile a nka lebelo mme ha hlakela motho e mong le e mong hore rekoto ea lefatše ea khale e tla tšosoa ka nnete.

Lebelo lena e ne e se e ntse e le la bone bakeng sa Mokenya, leo a ileng a khona ho le hlola ka boraro ba lona. Dennis o ne a kholisehile hore ho Berlin 2014 ka sebele o tla roba rekoto ea khale e entsoeng ke habo habo Wilson mme a mathe ka lebelo le fetang 2:03:00. O boletse ka ho hlaka hore haeba maemo a leholimo a le hantle Berlin, rekoto e tla ba ea hae ruri, Dennis Quimetto o buile ka sena pejana.

Marathon e ne e le joang

Marathon ea Berlin hangata e etsahala ka Loetse motse-moholo mme e se e ntse e le ea bobeli ho tse kholo lefatšeng; joale ho na le baatlelete ba fetang likete tse mashome a mane ba tsoang linaheng tse 120 tsa lefats'e ba nkang karolo. Sebaka mona e ne e le setso, 'me qalo ka boeona e ile ea ea motsemoholo oa Jeremane, ka bolelele ba tsela ena ho ne ho na le balateli ba fetang milione le lihlopha tsa' mino.

Letsatsi lena la phomolo le letle le ne le na le setaele se makatsang, qalong ho ne ho na le baetapele ba supileng, leha ho ne ho le 30 km feela ho ne ho setse ba bararo feela. Mona Quimetto o ile a lula a matha ka ho hlaka le ka boits'epo mme a feta hoo e batlang e le boemong bo le bong le Mutai, mme ha a se a le likilomitara tse 38 e bile oa pele mme a hapa limathi tsohle tsa marathone.

Kakaretso ea marathone ea 42 km le 195 m ke qalo e ikhethileng le e ikhethang, moo ba bangata ba batlang ho hloa bonyane hanngoe bophelong ba bona. Feela ho nka karolo ho marathone ho hlokahala hore re atamele motsotso ona ka mokhoa o utloahalang, ha re se re itokiselitse khoebo ena ka botebo, semathi sa mabelo se tlameha ho tseba hantle hore na ho matha ke eng.

Motho e mong le e mong ea nkang karolo joalo o tlameha ho amoheloa ke ngaka, leha lithibelo tsa lilemo li se hohle, ke hore, o ka ba semathi sa mabelo leha o tsofetse.

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