Li-amino acid ke lintho tsa tlhaho tse nang le masapo a hydrocarbon le lihlopha tse ling tse peli: amine le carboxyl. Li-radicals tse peli tsa ho qetela li supa litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa li-amino acid - li ka bonts'a litšobotsi tsa liasiti le alkalis: ea pele - ka lebaka la sehlopha sa carboxyl, ea bobeli - ka lebaka la sehlopha sa amino.
Kahoo, re fumane hore na li-amino acid ke eng ka biochemistry. Joale ha re nahaneng ka phello ea bona 'meleng le ts'ebeliso ea bona lipapaling. Bakeng sa baatlelete, li-amino acid li bohlokoa molemong oa ho nka karolo liprotheine metabolism. E tsoa ho li-amino acid ka bomong moo liprotheine li ahelletsoeng kholo ea mesifa 'meleng oa rona - mesifa, masapo, sebete le lisele tse sebetsang. Ntle le moo, li-amino acid tse ling li ameha ka kotloloho metabolism. Mohlala, arginine e kentse letsoho potolohong ea ornithine urea, mochini o ikhethileng oa ho hlakola chefo ea ammonia e hlahisoang sebeteng nakong ea tšilo ea protheine.
- Ho tsoa ho tyrosine ka adrenal cortex, li-catecholamine li entsoe - adrenaline le norepinephrine - lihormone tseo mosebetsi oa tsona e leng ho boloka molumo oa methapo ea pelo, karabelo hanghang maemong a sithabetsang.
- Tryptophan ke selelekela sa boroko ba hormone ea melatonin, e hlahisoang ke tšoelesa ea phaene ea boko - tšoelesa ea phaene. Ka lebaka la khaello ea amino acid ena lijong, ts'ebetso ea ho robala e ba thata le ho feta, ho hlobaela le mafu a mang a mangata a bakoang ke ona.
Hoa khoneha ho thathamisa nako e telele, empa a re luleng ho amino acid, eo boleng ba eona bo leng bohlokoa haholo ho baatlelete le batho ba nkang karolo e itekanetseng lipapaling.
Glutamine e etsetsoa eng?
Glutamine ke amino acid e fokotsang tšebetso ea protheine e etsang lisele tsa 'mele ea rona ea' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung - li-lymph node le sebopeho ka seng sa lisele tsa lymphoid. Bohlokoa ba sistimi ena bo thata ho feta tekano: ntle le ho hanela tšoaetso ka nepo, ha ho na lebaka la ho bua ka ts'ebetso efe kapa efe ea koetliso. Ho feta moo, boikoetliso bo bong le bo bong - ho sa tsotelehe hore na ke setsebi kapa sebapali - ke khatello ea maikutlo 'meleng.
Ho imeloa kelellong ke boemo bo hlokahalang ho tsamaisa "balance point" ea rona, ke hore, ho baka liphetoho tse ling tsa biochemical le physiological 'meleng. Matšoenyeho afe kapa afe ke mokoloko oa likarabelo tse matlafatsang 'mele. Ka karohano e khethollang ho fetoha ha tšibollo ea tšebetso ea sympathoadrenal system (e leng, ke khatello ea maikutlo), ho fokotseha ha tšebetso ea lisele tsa lymphoid ho etsahala. Ka lebaka lena, ts'ebetso ea ho bola e feta sekhahla sa synthesis, ho bolelang hore boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokola. Kahoo, ho kenella ha glutamine ho eketsehileng ho fokotsa phello ena e sa rateheng empa e ke ke ea qojoa ea boikoetliso ba 'mele.
Li-amino acid tsa bohlokoa le tse seng tsa bohlokoa
Ho utloisisa hore na li-amino acid tsa bohlokoa ke tsa eng lipapaling, o hloka ho ba le kutloisiso e akaretsang ea metabolism ea protheine. Liprotheine tse jeoang ke batho boemong ba pampiri ea meno li sebetsoa ke li-enzyme - lintho tse silafatsang lijo tseo re li jeleng.
Haholo-holo, liprotheine li qala ho fetoha li-peptide - liketane ka bomong tsa li-amino acid tse se nang sebopeho sa tikoloho ea quaternary. 'Me li-peptide li se li ntse li fetoha li-amino acid ka bomong. Le tsona li kopantsoe le 'mele oa motho. Sena se bolela hore li-amino acid li kenella ka har'a phallo ea mali mme ho tloha mohatong ona feela li ka sebelisoa e le lihlahisoa bakeng sa tlhahiso ea protheine ea 'mele.
Ha re lebelletse pele, re tla re ho jeoa ha amino acid ka har'a lipapali ho khutsufatsa mohato ona - li-amino acid ka bomong li tla kenella hanghang ts'ebetsong ea mali le ts'ebetsong, 'me phello ea tlhaho ea li-amino acid e tla tla kapele.
Ho na le li-amino acid tse mashome a mabeli ka kakaretso. E le hore ts'ebetso ea protheine 'meleng oa motho e khonehe ka molao-motheo, ponahalo e felletseng e tlameha ho ba teng lijong tsa motho - metsoako eohle e 20.
E ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka
Ho tloha motsotsong ona ho ea pele, mohopolo oa ho se ts'oanelehe o bonahala. Li-amino acid tsa bohlokoa ke tseo 'mele ea rona e sitoang ho iketsetsa ka botsona ho tsoa ho li-amino acid tse ling. Hona ho bolela hore li tla hlaha, ntle le lijo, kae kapa kae. Ho na le li-amino acid tse 8 hammoho le tse 2 tse ka nkeloang sebaka.
Nahana ka tafoleng eo ho eona ho nang le lijo tse nang le amino acid ea bohlokoa le karolo ea eona 'meleng oa motho:
| Lebitso | Ke lihlahisoa life tse nang le tsona | Seabo mmeleng |
| Leucine | Linate, habore, tlhapi, mahe, kana, lentile | E fokotsa tsoekere ea mali |
| Isoleucine | Lichickpeas, lensisi, li-cashews, nama, soya, tlhapi, mahe, sebete, lialmonde, nama | E tsosolosa lisele tsa mesifa |
| Lysine | Amaranth, koro, tlhapi, nama, lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa lebese | Ho nka karolo ka absorption ea k'halsiamo |
| Valine | Linate, li-mushroom, nama, linaoa, lihlahisoa tsa lebese, lithollo tse ngata | E nka karolo lits'ebetsong tsa phapanyetsano ea naetrojene |
| Phenylalanine | Nama ea khomo, linate, chisi ea kottage, lebese, tlhapi, mahe, mefuta e fapaneng ea linaoa | Ho ntlafatsa mohopolo |
| Threonine | Mahe, linate, linaoa, lihlahisoa tsa lebese | E kopanya collagen |
| Methionine | Linaoa, linaoa, mahe, nama, tlhapi, linaoa, lensisi | E nka karolo ts'ireletso ea radiation |
| Leka | Sesame, habore, linaoa, matokomane, linate tsa phaene, lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa lebese, khoho, Turkey, nama, tlhapi, matsatsi a omisitsoeng | E ntlafatsa le boroko bo tebileng |
| Histidine (ka mokhoa o itseng e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka) | Lentile, linaoa tsa soya, matokomane, tuna, salmon, likhomo tsa nama ea khomo le ea kana, nama ea kolobe | E nka karolo liketsong tse khahlano le ho ruruha |
| Arginine (karolo e 'ngoe e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka) | Yogurt, peo ea sesame, peo ea mokopu, chisi ea Switzerland, nama ea khomo, nama ea kolobe, matokomane | E khothalletsa kholo le tokiso ea lisele tsa mmele |
Li-amino acid li fumaneha ka bongata bo lekaneng mehloling ea liphoofolo ea protheine - tlhapi, nama, likhoho. Ha ho se joalo lijong, ho bohlokoa haholo ho nka li-amino acid tse tlatsitsoeng e le litlatsetso phepong ea lipapali, e leng bohlokoa haholo ho baatlelete ba sa jeng nama.
Ea morao-rao e lokela ho shebana le litlatsetso tse kang BCAA, motsoako oa leucine, valine le isoleucine. Ke bakeng sa li-amino acid tsena moo "ho hula" ho ka khonehang lijong tse se nang liprotheine tsa liphoofolo. Bakeng sa semathi (ka bobeli profeshenale le tsenwe), sena ha se amohelehe ka ho feletseng, hobane ka nako e telele e tla lebisa ho catabolism ho tloha litho tsa ka hare le ho mafu a ea bobeli. Pele ho tsohle, sebete se na le khaello ea li-amino acid.
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E ka nkeloa sebaka
Li-amino acid tse ka nkeloang sebaka le karolo ea tsona li nkuoa tafoleng e ka tlase:
| Lebitso | Seabo mmeleng |
| Alanin | E nka karolo ho gluconeogenesis ea sebete |
| Proline | E ikarabella bakeng sa ho aha sebopeho se matla sa collagen |
| Levocarnitine | E tšehetsa Coenzyme A |
| Tyrosine | E ikarabella bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea enzymatic |
| Serine | E ikarabella bakeng sa ho aha liprotheine tsa tlhaho |
| Glutamine | E kopanya liprotheine tsa mesifa |
| Glycine | E fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo mme e fokotsa bohale |
| Cysteine | E ama botle ba letlalo le boemo |
| Taurine | E na le phello ea metabolism |
| Ornithine | O nka karolo biosynthesis ea urea |
Ho etsahalang ka liamino acid le liprotheine 'meleng oa hau
Li-amino acid tse kenang maling li abeloa lisele tsa 'mele, moo li hlokahalang haholo. Haeba u na le bothata ba li-amino acid tse itseng, ho nka liprotheine tse eketsehileng ho tsona, kapa ho nka li-amino acid tse eketsehileng, ho tla ba molemo haholo.
Protein synthesis e hlaha maemong a lisele. Sele e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le khubung - karolo ea bohlokoahali ea sele. Ke ho eona moo ho baloang leseli la liphatsa tsa lefutso le ho ikatisa. Ebile, tlhaiso-leseling eohle e mabapi le sebopeho sa lisele e kentsoe ka tatellano ea li-amino acid.
U ka khetha li-amino acid joang bakeng sa sebapali se tloaelehileng se kenang lipapaling ka makhetlo a 3-4 ka beke? Ho hang. Ha a li hloke feela.
Litlhahiso tse latelang li bohlokoa haholo ho motho oa sejoale-joale:
- Qala ho ja khafetsa ka nako e le 'ngoe.
- Leka-lekanya phepo ea liprotheine, mafura le lik'habohaedreite.
- Tlosa lijo tse potlakileng le tsa boleng bo tlase lijong.
- Qala ho noa metsi a lekaneng - 30 ml ka kilogram ea boima ba 'mele.
- Fana ka tsoekere e hloekisitsoeng.
Mekhoa ena e bonolo e tla tlisa ho hongata ho feta ho eketsa mefuta efe kapa efe ea litlatsetso lijong. Ho feta moo, litlatsetso ntle le ho hlokomela maemo ana li tla be li se na thuso.
Hobaneng u tseba li-amino acid tseo u li hlokang haeba u sa tsebe seo u lokelang ho se ja? U tseba joang hore li-cutlets tse ka kamoreng ea ho jela li entsoe ka eng? Kapa lisoseje? Kapa nama e ka burger cutlet ke eng? Ha re na ho bua letho ka litlatsetso tsa pizza.
Ka hona, pele o etsa qeto mabapi le tlhoko ea li-amino acid, o hloka ho qala ho ja lijo tse bonolo, tse hloekileng le tse phetseng hantle 'me u latele likhothaletso tse hlalositsoeng kaholimo.
Ho joalo le ka liprotheine tse tlatselletsang. Haeba o na le protheine lijong tsa hau, ka bongata ba 1.5-2 g ka kilograma ea boima ba 'mele, ha o hloke protheine e ngoe hape. Ho betere ho sebelisa chelete ea hau ho reka lijo tsa boleng bo holimo.
Ho bohlokoa hape ho utloisisa hore liprotheine le li-amino acid ha se meriana! Tsena ke litlatsetso tsa phepo ea lipapali. 'Me lentsoe la bohlokoa mona ke li-additives. Li kenye ha ho hlokahala.
Ho utloisisa hore na ho na le tlhoko, o hloka ho laola tsela eo u jang ka eona. Haeba u se u fetile mehatong e kaholimo 'me u hlokometse hore litlatsetso li ntse li hlokahala, ntho ea pele eo u lokelang ho e etsa ke ho ea lebenkeleng la phepo ea lipapali ebe u khetha sehlahisoa se loketseng ho latela bokhoni ba hau ba lichelete. Ntho feela eo ba qalang ba sa lokelang ho e etsa ke ho reka li-amino acid ka tatso ea tlhaho: li tla ba thata ho nooa ka lebaka la ho baba ha tsona ho fetelletseng.
Kotsi, litla-morao, li-contraindications
Haeba u na le lefu le khetholloang ke e 'ngoe ea li-amino acid, u tseba ka eona ho tloha tsoalong, joalo ka batsoali ba hau. Sena amino acid e lokela ho qojoa ka ho eketsehileng. Haeba ho se joalo, ha ho na thuso ea ho bua ka likotsi le li-contraindication tsa li-additives, hobane tsena ke lintho tsa tlhaho ka botlalo.
Li-amino acid ke karolo ea protheine, protheine ke karolo e tloaelehileng ea lijo tsa motho. Ntho e ngoe le e ngoe e rekisoang mabenkeleng a phepo ea lipapali ha se meriana! Ke bo-rutehi feela ba ka buang ka kotsi le litšitiso tse ling. Ka lona lebaka leo, ha ho utloahale ho nahana ka mohopolo o joalo ka litla-morao tsa li-amino acid - ka ts'ebeliso e itekanetseng, ho ke ke ha ba le liphetoho tse mpe.
Nka mokhoa o hlaphohetsoeng oa ho ja le thupelo ea lipapali! Phela hantle!
