Matšoao le kalafo ea disc ea herniated ea mokokotlo oa lumbar

Sesepa sa Herniated sa mokokotlo oa lumbar - ho phatloha ha disc ea intervertebral kantle ho 'mele ea lesapo la mokokotlo sebakeng sa lumbar. Libaka: L3-L4, hangata L4-L5 le L5-S1 (lipakeng tsa lumbar ea bohlano le sacral vertebrae ea pele). E fumanoe ho latela nalane ea bongaka, matšoao a bongaka, le tlhaiso-leseling ea CT kapa MRI. Tloaelong ea bongaka, molemong oa ho nolofatsa, ho phatloha ho fetang 5-6 mm ho feta annulus fibrosus hangata ho bitsoa hernia, ho fokola ho fokolang.

Mehato ea Hernia

Ho fetoha ha hernia ho feta mekhahlelo e mengata:

1. Prolapse ke phetoho e tlasa tšusumetso ea lintho tse kantle ho boemo ba mmele ba disc, mme e felisitsoe.
2. Protrusion - disc ha e fete meeli ea lipehelo tsa 'mele ea' mele, empa e fetola boemo ba eona ka matla.
3. Extrusion - nucleus pulposus e fetela ka nqane ho 'mele ea lesapo.
4. Sequestration - ho lokolloa ha makhasi ka ntle.

Haeba protrusion ea hernial e se e kene 'meleng oa vertebra e phahameng kapa e tlase, phetoho ea mafu e bitsoa hernia ea Schmorl.

Ponahalo ea hernia ka mohlala oa li-vertebrae. © rh2010 - stock.adobe.com

Lisosa le matšoao

Lisosa tse tloaelehileng tsa hernia li kenyelletsa:

• Ho senyeha ha trophism le nts'etsopele ea liphetoho tse senyehang sebakeng sa disc ea intervertebral, ka lebaka la:
  • ho ikoetlisa ka tlase;
  • ho ba motenya ka baka la botenya;
  • lits'ebetso tsa dysmetabolic (ankylosing spondylitis);
  • mafu a tšoaetsanoang (lefuba);
  • Kabo e fosahetseng ea mojaro mokokotlong ka lebaka la:
    • lefu la osteochondrosis;
    • likotsi tsa mosebetsing (ho khanna khafetsa);
    • mathata a nts'etsopele ea lesapo la mokokotlo kapa la letheka;
    • ho kobeha ho fumanoeng (scoliosis);
• Matšoenyeho a feteletseng mokokotlong:
  • ho phahamisa litšepe boemong bo sa phutholoheng;
  • tsieleho.

Lefu lena le bontšoa ke lumbodynia, eo qalong e nang le mofuta o feto-fetohang le lefu la mokokotlo (liphetoho tse sa lekanang tsa mesifa-tonic tse hlahisang maemo a matle bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea scoliosis).

E ka ba thata:

• Lefu le bohloko haholo, le laoloang hampe ke lipilisi tsa bohloko.
• Radiculopathy (radicular syndrome kapa lumboischialgia), e tsamaeang le phetoho e rarahaneng ea mafu maotong:
  • fokotseha kapa ho fetoha ha kutlo ea letlalo (paresthesias);
  • hypotrophy le bofokoli ba mesifa.
• Myelopathy e khetholloang ke:
  • ho felisoa ha li-tendon reflexes le nts'etsopele ea flaccid paresis maotong;
  • litšitiso mosebetsing oa litho tsa pelvic (bothata ba ho ntša metsi le / kapa ho ntša metsi, ho se sebetse ha erectile, ho fela ha libido, ponahalo ea frigidity).

Mathata a hlalositsoeng kaholimo ke matšoao a kalafo ea bongaka. Ponahalo ea matšoao a ts'oaetso ea "myelopathy" ke motheo oa ho rarolla bothata ba ho buuoa ka tšohanyetso (theko e phahame haholo 'me litlamorao li ka ba kotsi bophelong).

Ngaka efe e phekolang

Ngaka ea methapo ea mafu (neuropathologist) e phekola hernia. Ngaka efe kapa efe, e belaelang lefu lena, ruri e tla fetisetsa mokuli ho ngaka ea methapo bakeng sa lipuisano, eo, ho latela setšoantšo sa kliniki ea lefu lena, litholoana tsa kalafo ea lithethefatsi le tlhaiso-leseling ea MRI, a ka laelang tlhahlobo ea methapo ea kutlo ho etsa qeto ea bohlokoa ba kalafo ea bongaka.

MRI. © Olesia Bilkei - stock.adobe.com

Mekhoa ea kalafo

Kalafo ea Hernia e ka ba e tsitsitseng le e sebetsang. Ho ipapisitse le maqheka a khethiloeng, kalafo e sa sebetseng e ka ba meriana, physiotherapy, manual kapa ho buoa.

Phekolo ea matsoho

Mokhoa oa "phokotso" ea "disc" ea "manual" ea li-disc. Nako ea karolelano ea lithuto ke lits'ebetso tse 10-15 matsatsi ohle a 2.

© glisic_albina - stock.adobe.com

Lithethefatsi

Bakeng sa kalafo ea lithethefatsi, ho sebelisoa meriana e latelang:

• Li-NSAID (lithethefatsi tse seng li-steroidal tse khahlanong le ho ruruha ka mokhoa oa mafura kapa matlapa - Diclofenac, Movalis); tšebeliso ea lichelete e reretsoe ho imolla matšoao a bohloko.
• li-relaxation tsa mesifa e bohareng (Midocalm, Sirdalud); lithethefatsi li khothalletsa boikhathollo bo bonolo ba mesifa e nang le ho halefa ho eketsehileng ho tsoa lisele tsa methapo tse amehang ts'ebetsong ea mafu.
• li-glucocorticoids (Diprospan, Dexamethasone); Lithethefatsi li emisa ho ruruha, li fana ka phello e sa tobang ea analgesic.
• paravertebral novocaine blockade, e sebelisetsoang ho kokobetsa bohloko bo bohloko ba 'mele boo ho leng thata ho bo phekola ka li-NSAID;
• li-chondroprotectors le litokisetso ka hyaluronic acid (Alflutop, Teraflex, Karipain, Rumalon); Lisebelisoa li na le tšusumetso ea trophic lisele tsa lefufuru, e matlafatsang nchafatso ea eona.
• Li-vithamine tsa B (li kenya letsoho ho khutlisetseng lisele tsa methapo le likutu tsa methapo).

Physiotherapy

Kalafo ena e kenyelletsa:

• traction (fokotsa mojaro ka discs intervertebral);
• acupuncture (ntlha reflexology); Theknoloji e ipapisitse le ho fokotseha ho matla ha mesifa-tonic syndrome
• phonophoresis le electrophoresis (mekhoa e kenya letsoho ho eketseheng ha lithethefatsi sebakeng se amehileng; khetho ea lichelete e sala ho ngaka e teng);
• Phekolo ea boikoetliso (e sebelisetsoang ho etsa corset ea mesifa ho tsoa mesifeng ea mokokotlo e etselitsoeng ho tsitsisa mokokotlo le ho o laolla ka mokhoa o itseng);
• sililoa (ho tloaela molumo oa mesifa).

© DedMityay - stock.adobe.com

Tshebetso

Maemong ao kalafo ea boits'oaro e sa faneng ka sephetho se lebelletsoeng, kapa sesepa sa herniated se fetohile mme sa fana ka mathata a kotsi, kalafo ea ho buoa e bontšoa, e arotsoe ka maemo ho:

1. ho koala laser valorization (ho fana ka thuso ea ho tlosa mongobo ho makhasi a holofetseng ho eketsa matla a disc ea intervertebral le ho thibela keketseho e tsoelang pele ea protrusion);
2. phekolo ea motlakase (mesebetsi e ts'oanang le laser valorization);
3. microdiscectomy (e etsoa ha boholo ba hernia bo le ka tlase ho limilimithara tse 6);
4. discectomy (ho tlosa hernia ka botlalo);
5. laminectomy (katoloso ea ho buoa ea kanale ea mokokotlo; ts'ebetso ea theknoloji e rarahaneng, e khetholloang ka nako e telele ea ho hlaphoheloa);
6. ho hlongoa li-implants tsa B-Twin (ts'ebetso e etsoa kamora 'discectomy ho boloka sebaka se nepahetseng sa ho kenella le ho tsitsisa mokokotlo).

Hangata, sethaleng, litsebi li leka ho kopanya kalafo ea lithethefatsi le mekhoa ea kalafo hammoho le ERT. Phekolo e rarahaneng e reretsoe ho laolla mokokotlo ka ho matlafatsa corset ea mesifa le mesifa e tebileng ea mokokotlo.

Mathata a ka hlaha ho basali nakong ea bokhachane ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa tšebeliso ea meriana le mekhoa e mengata.

Meriana ea setso

Li ipapisitse le phello e sa fetoheng libakeng tse amehileng nakong ea ts'oarelo.

E sebelisoa ka mokhoa oa li-compress tse lokiselitsoeng ka rubing ea 96%:

Mekhoa ea ho ikoetlisa

Nako ea ho ikoetlisa e tloha metsotso e 10 ho isa ho halofo ea hora. Etselitsoeng ho sebelisoa lapeng. Boemo bo tloaelehileng bo rapaletse ka mokokotlo. Roller e lokela ho beoa tlasa sebaka sa lumbar. Boemo bo tloaelehileng kapa bo latellanang bo boetse bo sebelisoa.

Re lokela ho hopola hore ha ho ikoetlisa, motsamao o etsoa ka thello, 'me boikoetliso bo lokela ho tlisa boiketlo.

© Jacob Lund - setša.adobe.com. Ikoetlise ka rolara ka tlas'a mokokotlo oa hau.

Ho ikoetlisa ka boikoetliso boemong ba ho bua leshano:

• Matsoho a haufi le 'mele. Inhalation le pululo li etsoa. Ha u hema, matsoho le maoto li ea ho tsona, ha li tsoa, ​​matsoho a khutlela sebakeng sa 'ona sa pele, maoto a phomola.

• Sebaka se tšoanang sa ho qala. Hlooho e tjekela ka ho le letšehali le ka ho le letona, e lieha bohareng. Ka makhetlo a mangata hlooho e fetohela ka ho le letšehali, ho bala tse peli bohareng, ho bala tse tharo ho ea ka ho le letona, ho bala tse 'ne hape bohareng.

• Hlooho e inametse sefubeng, likausi li lebile ho uena, palong ea tse peli, hlooho e holim'a moseme, maoto a phomola.

• Matsoho a koetsoe ka lifeisi, maoto a arohane hanyane. Tsamaiso e chitja e etsoa ka matsoho le maoto makhetlo a mane kantle le ka hare.

• Matsoho mahetleng a hau. Ho sisinyeha ho chitja manonyellong a mahetla, 4 ho ea pele le morao.

• Leoto le letona le khumame ka lengole 'me palo ea 2 e behiloe ka lehlakore, palo ea 3 e boetse e khumame lengoleng, ho palo ea 4 sebaka sa ho qala. Ho tšoana le ka leoto le letšehali.

• Letsoho le letona le leoto le letšehali li huleloa ka lehlakoreng le le leng. Ho joalo le ka maoto le matsoho a mang.

• Leoto le ea ho lona, ​​le leka ho otlolla mokokotlo oa leoto.

• Matsoho 'meleng, maoto a kobehile manonyellong a lengole. Matšoao a mpa a tsitsipane.

• Matsoho ka mor'a hlooho, maoto a otlolohile. 'Mele oa phahama, maoto ha a tsoe fatše.

Ho rehabilitology, merero ea kalafo bakeng sa lingaka e se e atile: Sergei Bubnovsky le Valentin Dikul.

Thekniki ya V. Dikul

Mokhoa oa Valentin Dikul o ipapisitse le ho otlolla mokokotlo o matla le ho matlafatsa mesifa ea morao ka tatellano ho latela lenaneo la motho ka mong le sebelisa lisebelisoa tse ikhethileng tsa ntlafatso tse etselitsoeng ho theha mesifa ea hau ea mesifa ka ho hatisa libaka tsa mathata. Litholoana tsa theknoloji ke tokiso ea scoliosis, kyphosis, kyphoscoliosis ea boima bo fapaneng.

Ho ikoetlisa ka lesela le tlamang ho ea ka leano le nolofalitsoeng ho feta ho ka etsoa lapeng, mona re tla sheba tse ling tsa tse ka etsahalang. Ho qala boemo bo eme.

• Etsa likobe ka mokokotlo o otlolohileng. Maoto a pharaletse hanyane ho feta mahetla, lesela le tlasa maoto, 'me lipheletsong tsa lona ho matsohong kamora hlooho, matsoho a kobehile, litsoeng li mahlakoreng. Ho molemo ho sotha 'mele, ha u ntse u siea maoto a otlolohile, bandage e ea huloa. Khutlela boemong ba ho qala.

• Boikoetliso bo latelang: Phahamisa matsoho ka mahlakore. Maoto lekhetlong lena a arotsoe ka bophara ba mahetla, tlamisa tlasa maoto, 'me lipheletsong tsa eona li matsohong. Ka nako e le 'ngoe phahamisa matsoho a otlolohileng ho pholletsa le mahlakore ho ea mahetleng.

• 'Me boikoetliso ba hoqetela: ho kopanya matsoho. Maoto a boetse a arohane ka mahetla, matsoho a kobehile litsoeng, lesela le feta matsohong a kaholimo mme le paqame mahetleng. Tlisa matsoho ka pela sefuba mme o khutlele sebakeng sa ho qala.

Boikoetliso bohle bo etsoa makhetlo a 10 ho isa ho a 20, ho latela maemo, ho hlokahala hore o bone ngaka.

Boikoetliso bo rarahaneng ba S. Bubnovsky

Ho ikoetlisa ka birch

Leano la Potoloho ea Leoto

Mokhoa oa ho ikoetlisa "Frog"

Lipapali tse nang le hernia ea mokokotlo oa lumbar

Ha ho na le hernia e fumanoeng e sa sebetseng, ho lokela ho qojoa tse latelang:

• mejaro ea axial mokokotlong;
• meroalo e tšosang (mohato oa aerobics, ho qhomela);
• ho etsa litšepe.

Ho ikoetlisa bakeng sa disc ea herniated ea mokokotlo oa lumbar ho na le thuso:

• ho sesa (ka tšoarelo, ho betere - ho khasa);
• Sistimi ea boikoetliso ea Pilates (e ka bang 500);
• koetliso ea boikoetliso ea kalafo;
• litlelase tsa fitball;
• hula bareng e tšekaletseng (bakeng sa banna).

Thibelo

Ho ipapisitsoe le:

1. Laola boima ba 'mele molemong oa ho fokotsa mojaro li-disc tsa intervertebral, haholo libakeng tsa lumbosacral le lumbar.
2. Ho tlosoa ha hypodynamia, hypothermia ea mokokotlo o ka tlase le meroalo e melelele ea nako e telele (sebetsa maemong a tlase - mona ka botlalo mabapi le likotsi tsa ho lula fatše).
3. Ts'ebeliso ea matloana a khethehileng a masapo.
4. Ho roala masapo le li-corsets tse imollang sebaka sa lumbar.
5. Ho ikoetlisa. Sehlopha sa boikoetliso se etselitsoe ho matlafatsa mesifa ea mokokotlo mme e khethoa ka bonngoe ke morupeli.
6. Ho folisa ho tsamaea. U lokela ho thella hantle ho tloha seretheng ho ea menoaneng.
7. Ho qoba khatello ea maikutlo ka mokokotlo; metsamao e lokela ho ba boreleli kamoo ho ka khonehang.
8. Ho ja lijo tse nang le livithamini tsa B le lihlahisoa tsa lefufuru.

Shebella video: Herniated Disc - My Experience of Recovery and Getting Back to Normal (November 2024).