Marathon ea 42 km - lirekoto le lintlha tse khahlisang

Li-marathone li tloaelehile lipapaling tse ngata. Ba keneloa ke baatlelete ba litsebi le ba nang le boiphihlelo, hammoho le baatlelete ba mahlale. Sebaka sa marathone se bile teng joang 'me u ka se koahela ka matsatsi a makae ka tatellano?

Pale ea semelo sa mabelo se bolelele ba lik'hilomithara tse fetang 42 ke eng, hona ke litlaleho life tsa hajoale tsa lefatše tse marathong a basali le banna? Ke mang ho limathi tse 10 tse lebelo ka ho fetesisa tsa mabelo a marathone, 'me ke lintlha li fe tse khahlisang ka marathone a 42 km? Le malebela a ho lokisetsa le ho hlola marathone, bala sengoloa sena.

Nalane ea marathon ea 42 km

Marathon ke pina ea Olimpiki le taeo ea lebaleng mme e bolelele ba lik'hilomithara tse 42, limithara tse 195 (kapa limithara tse 26, 395). Lipapaling tsa Liolimpiki, banna ba qothisane lehlokoa le sena ho tloha ka 1896, le basali ho tloha ka 1984.

E le molao, li-marathon li tšoareloa tseleng e kholo, leha ka linako tse ling lentsoe lena le bolela litlholisano tse hole tse tsamaeang libakeng tse mpe, hape le maemong a mabe haholo (ka linako tse ling libaka li ka fapana). Sebaka se seng se tummeng sa ho matha ke halofo ea marathone.

Linako tsa mehleng ea khale

Joalokaha tšōmo e bolela, Phidippides - mohlabani ea tsoang Greece - ka 490 BC, qetellong ea Ntoa ea Marathon, o ile a balehela Athene ka sepheo sa ho tsebisa batho ba habo ka tlholo.

Ha a fihla Athene, o ile a oa a shoele, empa a ntse a khona ho hooa: "Thabang, Baathene, re hlotse!" Pale ena e ile ea hlalosoa ka lekhetlo la pele ke Plutarch bukeng ea hae "The Glory of Athens", ho feta halofo ea millennium kamora liketsahalo tsa 'nete.

Ho latela mofuta o mong (Herodotus o pheta ka eena), Phidippides e ne e le len .osa. O ile a romeloa ke batho ba Athene ho ba-Spartan bakeng sa ts'ehetso, a matha ho feta lik'hilomithara tse 230 ka matsatsi a mabeli. Leha ho le joalo, marathone a hae ha aa ka a atleha ...

Matsatsing ana

Michel Breal oa Fora o ile a tla ka mohopolo oa ho hlophisa mabelo a marathone. O ne a lora hore sebaka sena se tla kenyelletsoa lenaneong la Lipapali tsa Liolimpiki ka 1896 Athene - ea pele mehleng ea sejoale-joale. Khopolo ea Mofora e ile ea ratoa ke Pierre de Coubertin, eo e neng e le mothehi oa Lipapali tsa Liolimpiki tsa sejoale-joale.

Lebelo la pele la ho tšoaneleha qetellong le ile la tšoareloa Greece, ha Harilaos Vasilakos ea eba mohloli, ea ileng a matha sebaka seo ka lihora tse tharo le metsotso e leshome le metso e robeli. Le Greek Spiridon Luis e ile ea e-ba 'mampoli oa Liolimpiki, a hapile sebaka sa marathone ka lihora tse peli metsotso e mashome a mahlano a metso e robeli le metsotsoana e mashome a mahlano. Ho khahlisang ke hore ha a le tseleng, o ile a emisa ho noa khalase ea veine le rangoane oa hae.

Ho nka karolo ha basali marathong nakong ea Lipapali tsa Liolimpiki ho etsahetse ka lekhetlo la pele Lipapaling tse Los Angeles (USA) - ena e ne e le ka 1984.

Marathon sebaka

Lipapaling tsa pele tsa Liolimpiki ka 1896, mabelo a ne a le bolelele ba lik'hilomithara tse mashome a mane (24.85 miles). Eaba ea fetoha, 'me ho tloha ka 1924 ea ba lik'hilomithara tse 42.195 (26.22 miles) - sena se thehiloe ke International Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF ea sejoale-joale).

Taeo ea Liolimpiki

Ho tloha lipapaling tsa pele tsa sejoale-joale tsa Liolimpiki, mabelo a banna e bile lenaneo la ho qetela la liatleletiki. Limathi tsa marathone li qetile lebaleng le leholo la Liolimpiki, ekaba lihora pele lipapali li koaloa kapa ka nako e le 'ngoe le ho koaloa.

Litlaleho tsa hajoale tsa lefats'e

Ka banna

Rekoto ea lefats'e lebaleng la mabelo la banna e ts'oeroe ke semathi sa Kenya Dennis Quimetto.

O mathile sebaka sa lik'hilomithara tse 42 le limithara tse 195 ka lihora tse peli, metsotso e 'meli le metsotsoana e mashome a mahlano. Sena se ne se le ka 2014.

Har'a basali

Rekoto ea lefats'e ea mabelo a basali ke ea semathi sa Borithane Paul Redcliffe. Ka 2003, o ile a matha marathone ka lihora tse peli le metsotso e leshome le metso e mehlano le metsotsoana e mashome a mabeli a metso e mehlano.

Ka 2012, semathi sa Kenya Mary Keitani o ile a leka ho roba rekoto ena, empa a hloleha. O ile a matha lebelo la mabelo ho feta metsotso e meraro ho feta Paula Radcliffe.

Limathi tse 10 tsa banna ba lebelo ka ho fetisisa tse lebelo ka ho fetisisa

Tse ratoang haholo mona ke baatlelete ba tsoang Kenya le Ethiopia.

1. Ho matha ho tsoa Kenya Dennis Quimetto... O mathile Berlin Marathon ka la 28 Loetse, 2014 ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 2 le metsotsoana e 57.
2. Ho matha ho tsoa Ethiopia Kenenisa Bekele. O mathile Berlin Marathon ka la 25 Loetse, 2016 ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 3 metsotsoana e meraro.
3. Semathi se tsoang Kenya Eliud Kipchoge o mathile London Marathon ka la 24 Mmesa, 2016 ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 3 le metsotsoana e 5.
4. Semathi sa Kenya Emmanuel Mutai o mathile Berlin Marathon ka la 28 Loetse, 2014 ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 3 le metsotsoana e 13.
5. Semathi sa Kenya Wilson Kipsang o mathile Berlin Marathon ka la 29 Loetse 2013 ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 3 le metsotsoana e 23.
6. Semathi sa Kenya Patrick Macau o mathile Berlin Marathon ka la 25 Loetse, 2011 ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 3 le metsotsoana e 38.
7. Semathi sa Kenya Stanley Beevott o mathile London Marathon ka la 24 Mmesa, 2016 ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 3 le metsotsoana e 51.
8. Semathi se tsoang Ethiopia se ile sa matha Berlin Marathon ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 3 le metsotsoana e 59 La 28 Loetse, 2008.
9. Semathi sa Kenya Eliu dKipchoge o mathile Berlin Marathon ka lihora tse 2, metsotso e mene La 27 Loetse, 2015.
10. E koala semathi se leshome se holimo ho tsoa Kenya Jeffrey Mutai, ea hlotseng Berlin Marathon ka la 30 Loetse, 2012 ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 4 le metsotsoana e 15.

Limathi tse 10 tse holimo ka ho fetisisa tse lebelo ka ho fetisisa tsa basali tsa marathone

1. Ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 15 le metsotsoana e 25, semathi se tsoang UK Paula Radcliffe o mathile ka la 13 Mmesa 2003 London Marathon.
2. Ho semathi sa 2 ho metsotso e 18 le metsotsoana e 37 Mary Keitani oa Kenya o mathile ka la 22 Mmesa 2012 London Marathon.
3. Ka metsotso e 2 metsotso e 18 le metsotsoana e 47 semathi sa Kenya Katrin Ndereba e mathile ka la 7 Mphalane 2001 Chicago Marathon.
4. Moethiopia ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 18 metsotsoana e 58 Tiki Gelana o phethile Rotterdam Marathon ka la 15 April, 2012.
5. Ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 19 metsotsoana e 12 Sejapane Mizuki Noguchi o mathile ka la 25 September, 2005 Berlin Marathon
6. Ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 19 metsotsoana e 19, moatlelete ea tsoang Jeremane Irina Mikitenko o ile a matha Berlin Marathon ka la 28 Loetse 2008.
7. Ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 19 metsotsoana e 25 Kenya Glades Cherono o hlotse Marathon ea Berlin ka la 27 Loetse, 2015.
8. Metsotso e 2 metsotso e 19 metsotsoana e 31, limathi tse tsoang Moethiopia Acelefesh Mergia o mathile Marathon ea Dubai ka la 27 Pherekhong 2012.
9. Semathi se tsoang Kenya ka lihora tse 2 metsotso e 19 metsotsoana e 34 Lucy Kabuu o fetile Marathon ea Dubai ka la 27 Pherekhong 2012.
10. Ho phethela limathi tse leshome tse holimo tsa basali tsa marathone Dina Castor ho tsoa USA, e ileng ea matha London Marathon ka 2: 19.36 ka la 23 Mmesa 2006.

E khahlisa ka marathone a 42 km

• Ho hlola sebaka se hole sa li-kilometara tse 42 195 metres ke mohato oa boraro tlholisanong ea Ironman triathlon.
• Sebaka sa marathone se ka koaheloa ka mabelo a tlholisano le a batho ba ratang ho bapala.
• Kahoo, ka 2003, Ranulf Fiennes oa Great Britain o ile a matha li-marathone tse supileng lik'honthinenteng tse supileng tse fapaneng le likarolo tsa lefats'e ka matsatsi a supileng.

• Moahi oa Belgian Stefaan Engels o nkile qeto ka 2010 hore o tla matha mabelo letsatsi le leng le le leng la selemo, empa o ile a lemala ka Pherekhong, ka hona a qala hape ka Hlakola.
• Ka la 30 Hlakubele, Belgian e ile ea otla sephetho sa Spaniard Ricardo Abad Martinez, ea ileng a matha li-marathone tse 150 ka matsatsi a tšoanang ka 2009. Ka lebaka leo, ka Hlakubele 2011, Stefan Engels ea lilemo li 49 o phethile marathone a 365. Ka karolelano, o qetile lihora tse nne ho la marathone mme a bonts'a sephetho se setle ka ho fetisisa lihora tse peli le metsotso e 56.

• Johnny Kelly o nkile karolo ho Boston Marathon makhetlo a fetang mashome a tšeletseng ho tloha ka 1928 ho isa ho 1992, mme ka lebaka leo, a matha ho fihlela qetellong makhetlo a 58 mme a ba mohloli habeli (ka 1935 le 1945 AD)
• Ka la 31 Tšitoe 2010, Martin Parnell, moahi ea lilemo li 55 oa Canada, o ile a matha marathone a 250 selemong. Nakong ena, o se a tsofetse lipara tse 25 tsa liteki. Hape, ka linako tse ling o ne a tlameha ho matha maemong a batang ka tlase ho likhato tse mashome a mararo.
• Ho ea ka bo-rasaense ba tsoang Spain, masapo a limathi tsa maeto a nako e telele botsofaling ha a tsofale le ho senyeha, ho fapana le batho ba bang.
• Semathi sa Russia, Sergei Burlakov, ea neng a ponngoe maoto le matsoho, o nkile karolo ho 2003 New York Marathon. O ile a fetoha semathi sa pele sa marathone lefatšeng ho khaoloa makhetlo a mane.
• Semathi sa khale ka ho fetesisa lefatšeng ke moahi oa India Fauja Singh. O kene Guinness Book of Records ha a ne a matha marathone a le lilemo li 100 ka 2011 ka 8:11:06. Hona joale moatlelete o lilemo tse fetang lekholo.
• Sehoai sa Australia Cliff Young o hapile ultramarathon ka 1961, leha e ne e le lekhetlo la hae la pele. Semathi se ile sa koahela 875 km ka matsatsi a mahlano, lihora tse leshome le metso e mehlano le metsotso e mene. O ile a tsamaea butle, qalong o ne a salletse morao haholo ho ba bang, empa qetellong o ile a siea baatlelete ba litsebi. O atlehile hamorao, a tsamaea ntle le boroko (hona ea e-ba tloaelo le eena, hobane joalo ka sehoai o ile a sebetsa matsatsi a 'maloa ka tatellano - a bokella linku makhulong).
• Semathi sa Borithane Steve Chock se bokelletse monehelo o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa thekolohelo historing ea mabelo ea limilione tse likete tse peli. Sena se etsahetse nakong ea Marathon ea London ka Mmesa 2011.
• Moatlelete ea lilemo li 44 Brianen Price o ile a nka karolo ho marathone nako e ka tlase ho selemo kamora ho etsoa opereishene ea pelo.
• Molaoli oa seea-le-moea ea tsoang Sweden Andrei Kelberg o ile a koahela sebaka sa marathone, a tsamaea mokatong oa sekepe sa Sotello. Ka kakaretso, o ile a matha likoti tse 224 sekepeng, a qeta lihora tse nne le metsotso e mene ho sona.
• Semathi sa Leamerika Margaret Hagerty o qalile ho matha a le lilemo li 72. Ha a le lilemo li 81, o ne a se a nkile karolo ho li-marathon lik'honthinenteng tsohle tse supileng tsa lefats'e.
• Semathi sa Borithane Lloyd Scott o ile a matha London Marathon ka 202 ka sutu ea diver e boima ba lik'hilograma tse 55. O qetile matsatsi a ka bang mahlano ho sena, a beha rekoto ea lefats'e bakeng sa lebelo le lebelo ka ho fetesisa la mabelo. Ka 2011, o ile a nka karolo ho marathone ka moaparo oa khofu, a qeta matsatsi a 26 peisong.
• Moatlelete oa Moethiopia Abebe Bakila o hapile marathon ea Roma ea 1960. Ho khahlisang, o ile a koahela sebaka sohle a sa roala lieta.
• Ka tloaelo, semathi sa semathi sa mabelo se matha ka lebelo la 20 km / h, se lebelo ka makhetlo a mabeli ho feta ho falla ha likhama le li-saigas.

Litekanyetso tsa Bit tsa marathone li matha

Bakeng sa basali

Litekanyetso tsa marathone tse mathang ka bolelele ba lik'hilomithara tse 42 195 limithara bakeng sa basali li tjena:

• International Master of Sports (MSMK) - 2: 35.00;
• Master of Sports (MS) - 2: 48.00;
• Mokhethoa Mong'a Lipapali (CCM) - 3: 00.00;
• Sehlopha sa 1 - 3: 12.00;
• Sehlopha sa 2 - 3:30;
• Sehlopha sa boraro - Zak.

Bakeng sa banna

Litekanyetso tsa tokollo ea marathone e tsamaeang ka sebaka sa lik'hilomithara tse 42 195 limithara bakeng sa banna ke tse latelang:

• International Master of Sports (MSMK) - 2: 13.30;
• Master of Sports (MS) - 2: 20.00;
• Mokhethoa Mong'a Lipapali (CCM) - 2: 28.00;
• Sehlopha sa 1 - 2: 37.00;
• Sehlopha sa 2 - 2: 48.00;
• Sehlopha sa boraro - Zak.

U ka itokisetsa marathone joang e le hore u ka e matha ka bonyane ba nako?

Melao ea boithapollo

Ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke koetliso e tloaelehileng, e lokelang ho qalisoa bonyane likhoeli tse tharo pele ho tlholisano.

Haeba sepheo sa hau ke ho matha marathone ka lihora tse tharo, o tla hloka ho matha bonyane lik'hilomithara tse makholo a mahlano nakong ea koetliso khoeling e fetileng. Ho eletsoa ho koetlisa ka tsela e latelang: matsatsi a mararo a koetliso, letsatsi le le leng la phomolo.

Li-vithamine le lijo

Kaha li-vithamine le li-microelements li tlameha ho sebelisoa:

• HO TLOHA,
• HO,
• li-multivitamine,
• khalsiamo,
• magnesium.

Hape, pele ho marathone, o ka leka lijo tse tummeng tsa "protheine", mme beke pele ho tlholisano, emisa ho ja lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite. Ka nako e ts'oanang, matsatsi a mararo pele ho marathone, o hloka ho qhelela ka thōko lijo tse nang le liprotheine le ho ja lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite.

Lisebelisoa

• Ntho ea bohlokoa ke ho khetha li-sneakers tse phutholohileng le tse bobebe, tse bitsoang "marathon".
• Libaka tseo khohlano e ka bang teng li ka tlotsoa ka petroleum jelly kapa oli ea mofuta oa lesea.
• Ho betere ho fana ka khetho ho liaparo tsa boleng bo holimo tse entsoeng ka thepa ea maiketsetso.
• Haeba marathone e etsahala ka letsatsi le chabileng, ho tla hlokahala katiba, hammoho le tranelate e sireletsang e nang le sefuba sa bonyane 20-30.

Malebela a tlholisano

• Ipehele pakane - 'me u ee ho eona ka ho hlaka. Ka mohlala, lekanya nako eo u tla e qeta ho koahela sebaka seo, hammoho le nako e tloaelehileng.
• Ha ua tlameha ho qala kapele - ena ke e 'ngoe ea liphoso tse tloaelehileng tse etsoang ke batho ba sa tsoa amohela. Ho molemo ho aba mabotho a hao ka ho lekana.
• Hopola hore ho fihla kholeng ke pakane e loketseng motho ea qalang ho e fihlela.
• Nakong ea marathone ka boeona, o lokela ho noa - ekaba metsi a hloekileng kapa lino tse tahang.
• Litholoana tse fapaneng tse kang liapole, libanana kapa litholoana tsa citrus, hammoho le litholoana tse omisitsoeng le linate li tla thusa ho eketsa matla a hau. Hape, mekoallo ea matla e bohlokoa.

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