Ntle le palo e nepahetseng ea protheine e kenang 'meleng, ho lelekisa mesifa e metle le e matla ho fetoha ho hatakela ho se nang thuso hanghang. Ka khaello ea karolo ea mantlha ea moaho, kholo ea mesifa e ke ke ea lebelloa. Empa kaha 'mele ha o khone ho iketsetsa "likarolo" tsa amino acid ho latela litlhoko tsa ho haha' mele, baatlelete ba sebelisa phepo ea lipapali. Protheine ea lebese ke mofuta oa phofshoana ea protheine. Sengoliloeng sena se bua ka likarolo le melemo ea sona.
Protheine ea lebese ke eng
Ho bonolo hore moatlelete ea qalang a ferekane ka bongata ba liprotheine tse fapaneng - whey, lehe, casein ... Le lebese. Empa ho bonolo ho e utloisisa. Ho lekane ho utloisisa hore na tlatsetso e nang le thuso e rarolla mesebetsi efe.
Mabapi le sebopeho, protheine ea lebese ke motsoako oa liprotheine o kenyellelitsoeng o kenyelletsang liprotheine tsa casein le whey. Litlaleho tsa pele tsa 80% ea motsoako, palo ea Whey ke 20%.
Phofo e entsoe ka lebese. Nakong ea tlhahiso, mafura le lik'habohaedreite li batla li tlosoa ka botlalo. Masala a ommeng ke liprotheine tse hloekileng. Bahlahisi ba tlosa likarolo tse sa hlokahaleng, ba boloke tse nang le thuso. Ka lebaka leo, semathi se fumana protheine e kenelletseng - joalo ka ha e fumanoa lebeseng le felletseng. Phofo e na le li-polypeptides le likaroloana tsa protheine:
- lactoferrin;
- lactoperoxidase;
- li-antioxidants;
- lacto- le immunoglobulins;
- alpha le beta lactose bolibeng, jj.
Moatlelete ha a hloke ho kenella botebong ba likhemik'hale hore a rue molemo ho keneng ka protheine ea lebese. Ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa sepheo sa likarolo tsa mantlha:
- casein e ikarabella bakeng sa synthesis ea nako e telele ea amino acid - ho fihlela lihora tse 6-8;
- serum e fa mesifa phepelo ea protheine e sebetsang - mesifa e amohela lisebelisoa tsa moaho nakong ea metsotso e 30-50 kamora ho nka tlatsetso, empa phello ea karolo ha e tšoarelle nako e telele.
Motsoako oa likarolo, o fapaneng ka sepheo, o rarolla bothata bo thata ka ho fetisisa. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, kamora ho sebelisoa ha liprotheine, 'mele oa moatlelete o hloka ho tlatsa tse lahlehileng kapele. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho bohlokoa ho fana ka mesifa eseng feela ka "ho chesa", empa hape le ka "smoldering" protein effect.
Serum e batla e lefella hang-hang khaello ea li-amino acid. Casein e butsoe hamorao, e u lumella hore u se ke oa tšoenyeha ka catabolism ka lihora tse 'maloa.
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Tafole e bonts'a sebopeho sa amino acid ea 100 g ea tlatsetso. Li-amino acid tsa bohlokoa li tšoauoa ka asterisk.
Li-amino acid | Palo, mg |
| Alanin | 3900 |
| Aspartic acid | 10800 |
| Arginine | 5700 |
| Asiti ea Glutamic | 19300 |
| Histidine * | 2650 |
| Cysteine | 1250 |
| Isoleucine * | 4890 |
| Glycine | 3450 |
| Methionine * | 1750 |
| Threonine | 4360 |
| Valine * | 5350 |
| Serine | 5480 |
| Lehlohonolo | 1280 |
| Phenylalanine * | 4950 |
| Tyrosine | 4250 |
| Leucine * | 8410 |
| Lysine * | 7900 |
Mefuta ea tlhahiso ea tlatsetso ea lipapali
Protheine ea lebese e hlaha ka mefuta e meraro e fapaneng:
- tsepamisa maikutlo;
- itšehla thajana;
- hydrolyzate.
Tsepamiso e tsepame, empa eseng khetho e hloekileng ka ho fetesisa. E kenyelletsa likaroloana tsa amino acid le palo e itseng ea lactose le mafura. Ena ke mofuta o theko e tlaase ka ho fetisisa oa phofo ea lebese. Likahare tsa protheine ke 35-85%. Kaha mefuta ea liprotheine e kholo, ela hloko tlhaiso-leseling e pakaneng kapa litaelong tsa lebenkele la inthanete.
Ho itšehla thajana ho hloekile haholo - phofo e na le likaroloana tse 90-95% tsa liprotheine. Ho na le hoo e ka bang ha ho na lactose le mafura mona, e leng se etsang hore khetho ena e be maemong a matle mabapi le ho haelloa ke li-amino acid pele le kamora koetliso. Ntle le moo, ho itšehla thajana ho theko e tlase haholo ho feta khetho e latelang.
Hydrolyzate e hlahisoa ke hydrolysis, theknoloji e kenyelletsang ho aroloa ha limolek'hule tse kholo tsa protheine hore e be likaroloana tse nyane. Ka lebaka leo, 'mele o sebelisa boiteko bo fokolang le nako ea ho sila liprotheine. Bothata ba khetho ena ke theko e phahameng.
Ho ipapisitsoe le karolelano ea theko / boleng ba khale, tharollo e nepahetseng ke ho itšehla lebese. Ka thuso ea eona, o tla tlatsa khaello ea amino acid ntle le ho imetsa moralo oa hau oa lichelete.
Phello e etsa joang
Morero o ka sehloohong oa protheine ea lebese ke ho tlatsa mesifa ka likarolo tse netefatsang kholo ea mesifa. Mosebetsi o mong oa tlatsetso ke ho thibela ho senyeha ha likhoele tsa mesifa (catabolism).
Ka ho tšoanang, phofo ea protheine e rarolla mathata a mang:
- e eketsa mamello;
- e potlakisa ho hlaphoheloa kamora ho ikoetlisa;
- e tšehetsa ts'ebetso ea 'mele;
- e kokobetsa maikutlo a tlala.
Sehlopha sa mesebetsi e rarollotsoeng ke tlatsetso ea lipapali ha se lumelle feela lihahi tsa 'mele le baemeli ba bang ba lipapali tsa matla ho una molemo ho sona. Basali ba batlang ho tlosa mafura a 'mele le ho tenya mesifa ea bona le bona ba tla hlokomela phello ea ho nka "lebese". Mme ha se hoo feela. Ts'ebeliso ea liprotheine (eseng feela tsa tlhaho ea lebese) e na le phello e ntle letlalong. Li-amino acid li fepa letlalo, li le lokisa kamora tšenyo le ho hlasimolla kholo ea lisele tse nyane.
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Melemo le kotsi
Bakeng sa ba balileng ho fihlela mona, melemo ea ho kopanya Whey le casein e se e ntse e hlakile. Empa chelete e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea tšepe e na le lehlakore la bobeli.
Ka ho nka tlatsetso ka chelete e lekaneng, ha ua lokela ho tšoenyeha ka litla-morao. Ea bobeli e ka hlaha feela haeba motho a sa mamellane. Mathata a hlahisoa ke ho halefa ha mala le liketsahalo tse ts'oanang.
Ha ho tluoa phepong e fetelletseng ea protheine, ha ho na phello e netefalitsoeng ea 100% ea "overdose". Ho na le bopaki bo supang mathateng a ka bang teng. Liprotheine tse ngata li ka ama litsamaiso tse fapaneng tsa 'mele - pelo, masapo, mantle.
Le hoja lintlha tse bontšang hore ha li rate protheine e feteletseng 'meleng li hanyetsana, ho molemo hore u se ke ua e beha kotsing. Nka li-supplements ka bongata bo lekaneng, 'me phello e tla ba ntle feela. E le hore u sireletsehe, etela ngaka e tšoanelehang pele u e noa.
Mokhoa oa ho nka protheine
Protheine ea lebese e bohlokoa:
- nakong ea pokello ea bongata;
- nakong ea ho omisa;
- ka ho fokotseha ha mehloli ea mafura (e amehang eseng feela bakeng sa lihahi tsa 'mele).
Khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa ke ho nka li-isolates kapa li-hydrolysate makhetlo a 1-3 ka letsatsi. Ka lebaka la litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa motswako oa liprotheine tse "potlakileng" le "tse liehang", ho khothalletsoa protheine ho sebelisoa pele le / kapa kamora koetliso, pele ho nako ea ho robala le lipakeng tsa lijo.
Hang-hang kamora koetliso, serum e sebetsa haholo ka bokhoni ba eona ba ho tlatsa kapele tahlehelo ea protheine. Pele o robala, casin e ea sebetsa - e tla pholosa mesifa ho catabolism ea bosiu. Phello e tšoanang ea casein e bohlokoa haholo ha ho se na mokhoa oa ho ja ka nako ho latela kemiso ea ho haha 'mele.
