Kajeno, lipapali tsa mabelo ke papali e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa, e ntseng e eketseha ka sekhahla letsatsi le leng le le leng, joalo ka ha batsoali ba romela baatlelete ba bona ba bacha papaling eo. Empa, joalo ka papaling e ngoe le e ngoe, ho na le lenane la mekhahlelo e itseng bakeng sa taeo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lipapali.
Limaraka tsa liatleletiki, litekanyetso tse tsamaeang
Pele o qala koetliso e ntlafalitsoeng, ho hlokahala hore o itlhalose ka sete ya pele ea melao le melaoana, hape o fumane hore na ho na le litsupa life tse khethehileng taeong ena ea lipapali. Sena ke seo sengoloa sa kajeno se tla bua ka sona, ha re qaleng.
Nalane
Athletics ke papali ea Olimpiki e qalileng Greece ea Khale, e leng, tsela ea eona, joalo ka papali e arohaneng, e qalileng ka 776 BC. Ha e le hantle, lefats'eng la sejoale-joale ka lekhetlo la pele taeo ena e ile ea ikhopotsa morao koana ka 1789 mme kajeno ke e 'ngoe ea lithuto tse hlomphuoang ka ho fetesisa tsa Liolimpiki.
Baokameli ba tsamaiso
Mekhatlo e laolang le ho laola lipapali tsena e kenyelletsa:
- Mokhatlo oa European Athletics.
- Mokhatlo oa Baatlelete oa United States of America.
- Mokhatlo oa Russia oa Athletics.
Litekanyetso tsa ho ntša banna
Nahana ka litekanyetso life tse lokelang ho fetisoa bakeng sa banna.
Matha
| Sebaka (limithara) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ke | II | III | Ke (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 50 | — | — | — | 6,1 | 6,3 | 6,6 | 7,0 | 7,4 | 8,0 |
| 60 | — | — | 6,8 | 7,1 | 7,4 | 7,8 | 8,2 | 8,7 | 9,3 |
| 100 | — | — | 10,7 | 11,2 | 11,8 | 12,7 | 13,4 | 14,2 | 15,2 |
| 200 | — | — | 22,0 | 23,0 | 24,2 | 25,6 | 28,0 | 30,5 | 34,0 |
| 300 | — | — | 34,5 | 37,0 | 40,0 | 43,0 | 47,0 | 53,0 | 59,0 |
| 400 | — | — | 49,5 | 52,0 | 56,0 | 1:00,0 | 1:05,0 | 1:10,0 | 1:15,0 |
| 600 | — | — | 1:22,0 | 1:27,0 | 1:33,0 | 1:40,0 | 1:46,0 | 1:54,0 | 2:05,0 |
| 800 | — | 1:49,0 | 1:53,5 | 1:59,0 | 2:10,0 | 2:20,0 | 2:30,0 | 2:40,0 | 2:50,0 |
| 1000 | 2:18,0 | 2:21,0 | 2:28,0 | 2:36,0 | 2:48,0 | 3:00,0 | 3:15,0 | 3:35,0 | 4:00,0 |
| 1500 | 3:38,0 | 3:46,0 | 3:54,5 | 4:07,5 | 4:25,0 | 4:45,0 | 5:10,0 | 5:30,0 | 6:10,0 |
| 1600 | 3:56,0 | 4:03,5 | 4:15,0 | 4:30,0 | 4:47,0 | 5:08,0 | — | — | — |
| 3000 | 7:52,0 | 8:05,0 | 8:30,0 | 9:00,0 | 9:40,0 | 10:20,0 | 11:00,0 | 12:00,0 | 13:20,0 |
| 5000 | 13:27,0 | 14:00,0 | 14:40,0 | 15:30,0 | 16:35,0 | 17:45,0 | 19:00,0 | 20:30,0 | — |
| 10000 | 28:10,0 | 29:25,0 | 30:35,0 | 32:30,0 | 34:40,0 | 38:00,0 | — | — | — |
Mmila o moholo o matha
| Sebaka (lik'hilomithara) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ke | II | III |
| 21.0975km (halofo ea marathone) | 1:02:30 | 1:05:30 | 1:08:30 | 1:11:30 | 1:15:00 | 1:21:00 |
| 15k | — | — | 47:00 | 49:00 | 51:30 | 56:00 |
| 42,195 | 2:13:00 | 2:20:00 | 2:28:00 | 2:37:00 | 2:50:00 | qetella sebaka |
| Peiso ea letsatsi le letsatsi lihora tse 24 | 250 | 240 | 220 | 190 | — | — |
| 100km | 6:40:00 | 6:55:00 | 7:20:00 | 7:50:00 | qetella sebaka | — |
Sefapano
| Sebaka (lik'hilomithara) | Ke | II | III | Ke (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 1 | 2:38 | 2:50 | 3:02 | 3:17 | 3:37 | 4:02 |
| 2 | 5:45 | 6:10 | 6:35 | 7:00 | 7:40 | 8:30 |
| 3 | 9:05 | 9:45 | 10:25 | 11:05 | 12:05 | 13:25 |
| 5 | 15:40 | 16:45 | 18:00 | 19:10 | 20:40 | — |
| 8 | 25:50 | 27:30 | 29:40 | 31:20 | — | — |
| 10 | 32:50 | 35:50 | 38:20 | — | — | — |
| 12 | 40:00 | 43:00 | 47:00 | — | — | — |
Ho tsamaea ka lipapali
| Sebaka (limithara) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ke | II | III | Ke (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 3000 | — | — | 12:45 | 13:40 | 14:50 | 16:00 | 17:00 | 18:00 | 19:00 |
| 5000 | — | — | 21:40 | 22:50 | 24:40 | 27:30 | 29:00 | 31:00 | 33:00 |
| 20000 | 1:21:30 | 1:29:00 | 1:35:00 | 1:41:00 | 1:50:00 | 2:03:00 | — | — | — |
| 35000 | 2:33:00 | 2:41:00 | 2:51:00 | 3:05:00 | Hoa hlokahala ho qeta | — | — | — | — |
| 50000 | 3:50:00 | 4:20:00 | 4:45:00 | 5:15:00 | Ho hlokahala ho qeta | — | — | — | — |
Kahoo, mona re hlahlobile lits'oants'o tsa mantlha tsa banna thutong ena. Joale ho bohlokoa ho fetela ho maemo a bong bo lokileng, hobane, joalo ka ha u tseba, ho liatleletiki, ba maemong a holimo.
Litekanyetso tsa ho ntša basali
Nahana ka litekanyetso life tseo basali ba hlokang ho li feta.
Matha
| Sebaka (limithara) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ke | II | III | Ke (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 50 | — | — | — | 6,9 | 7,3 | 7,7 | 8,2 | 8,6 | 9,3 |
| 60 | — | — | 7,6 | 8,0 | 8,4 | 8,9 | 9,4 | 9,9 | 10,5 |
| 100 | — | — | 12,3 | 13,0 | 13,8 | 14,8 | 15,8 | 17,0 | 18,0 |
| 200 | — | — | 25,3 | 26,8 | 28,5 | 31,0 | 33,0 | 35,0 | 37,0 |
| 300 | — | — | 40,0 | 42,0 | 45,0 | 49,0 | 53,0 | 57,0 | — |
| 400 | — | — | 57,0 | 1:01,0 | 1:05,0 | 1:10,0 | 1:16,0 | 1:22,0 | 1:28,0 |
| 600 | — | — | 1:36,0 | 1:42,0 | 1:49,0 | 1:57,0 | 2:04,0 | 2:13,0 | 2:25,0 |
| 800 | — | 2:05,0 | 2:14,0 | 2:24,0 | 2:34,0 | 2:45,0 | 3:00,0 | 3:15,0 | 3:30,0 |
| 1000 | 2:36,5 | 2:44,0 | 2:54,0 | 3:05,0 | 3:20,0 | 3:40,0 | 4:00,0 | 4:20,0 | 4:45,0 |
| 1500 | 4:05,5 | 4:17,0 | 4:35,0 | 4:55,0 | 5:15,0 | 5:40,0 | 6:05,0 | 6:25,0 | 7:10,0 |
| 1600 | 4:24,0 | 4:36,0 | 4:55,0 | 5:15,0 | 5:37,0 | 6:03,0 | — | — | — |
| 3000 | 8:52,0 | 9:15,0 | 9:54,0 | 10:40,0 | 11:30,0 | 12:30,0 | 13:30,0 | 14:30,0 | 16:00,0 |
| 5000 | 15:20,0 | 16:10,0 | 17:00,0 | 18:10,0 | 19:40,0 | 21:20,0 | 23:00,0 | 24:30,0 | — |
| 10000 | 32:00,0 | 34:00,0 | 35:50,0 | 38:20,0 | 41:30,0 | 45:00,0 | — | — | — |
Mmila o moholo o matha
| Sebaka (lik'hilomithara) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ke | II | III |
| 21.0975km (halofo ea marathone) | 1:13:00 | 1:17:00 | 1:21:00 | 1:26:00 | 1:33:00 | 1:42:00 |
| 15 | — | — | 47:00 | 49:00 | 51:30 | 56:00 |
| 42.195 (marathon) | 2:32:00 | 2:45:00 | 3:00:00 | 3:15:00 | 3:30:00 | Ho hlokahala ho qeta |
| Lebelo la letsatsi le letsatsi lihora tse 24 | 210 | 200 | 160 | 10 | — | — |
| 100km | 7:55:00 | 8:20:00 | 9:05:00 | 9:40:00 | qetella sebaka | — |
Sefapano
| Sebaka (lik'hilomithara) | Ke | II | III | Ke (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 1 | 3:07 | 3:22 | 3:42 | 4:02 | 4:22 | 4:42 |
| 2 | 6:54 | 7:32 | 8:08 | 8:48 | 9:28 | 10:10 |
| 3 | 10:35 | 11:35 | 12:35 | 13:35 | 14:35 | 16:05 |
| 5 | 14:28 | 15:44 | 17:00 | 18:16 | 19:40 | — |
| 6 | 22:30 | 24:00 | 26:00 |
Ho tsamaea ka lipapali
| Sebaka (limithara) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ke | II | III | Ke (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 3000 | — | — | 14:20 | 15:20 | 16:30 | 17:50 | 19:00 | 20:30 | 22:00 |
| 5000 | — | 23:00 | 24:30 | 26:00 | 28:00 | 30:30 | 33:00 | 35:30 | 38:00 |
| 10000 | 46:30 | 48:30 | 51:30 | 55:00 | 59:00 | 1:03:00 | 1:08:00 | — | — |
| 20000 | 1:33:00 | 1:42:00 | 1:47:00 | 1:55:00 | 2:05:00 | Hoa hlokahala ho qeta | — | — | — |
Joalokaha u bona, basali ba na le litekanyetso tse bonolo ho feta banna. Hape hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore ho ea ka lipalo-palo, ke basali ba atisang ho fuoa tlotla ea mong'a lipapali.
Litekanyetso tsa Liolimpiki, Lefatše le Bo-'mampuli ba Europe
Ehlile, bakeng sa moatlelete e mong le e mong ea itlhomphang, Liolimpiki, mme ho feta joalo ka Mohope oa Lefatše le European, ke phetoho nakong ea papali ea hae ea lipapali mme ho hlokahala hore a e lokisetse esale pele le ka botlalo.
Empa, 'nete ea litlholisano tse joalo ke hore litekanyetso tse nepahetseng li fumaneha feela ka letsatsi leo ba ts'oereng ka lona le pele ho nako, ha ho setho se le seng se tsebang hore na ke lipontšo life tsa lipapali tseo a tlamehang ho li phetha. Ho joalo, 'mampoli oa nakong e tlang a ka koetlisa feela ho latela lintlha tse tloaelehileng mme a kholoe tlholo ea hae ho Liolimpiki le litlholisano tse ling!
Joalokaha u bona, ho hlokahala hore u koetlise le ho fumana maemo liatleletiking ka lilemo tse ngata, ka lebaka la ho ikoetlisa nako e telele le e boima, e qetellang e hlahisa mamello, mamello mme, ka tlhaho, mamello ho moatlelete, e tlang ho thusa ha ho lokisetsoa litlholisano tsa nako e tlang.
Hape, ha ba etsa liatleletiki tsa pina le lebaleng, bashanyana le banana, joalo ka ha ho bonts'oa, ba fumana eseng feela ba kantle, empa le boits'epo ba kahare. Mohlomong ke 'nete ena e khethollang botumo bo phahameng ba mofuta ona oa lipapali,' me ho ka etsahala hore u fumane sehlopha ho liatleletiki, empa ntho ea mantlha ke ho ba le takatso le boikemisetso.
